Transportopatías SLC con afectación neurológica y tratamiento identificado.
SLC2A1 produce el déficit de Glut-1 o enfermedad de De Vito , que se manifiesta con distonía o epilepsia, y puede ser tratada con dieta cetogénica.
SLC6A3 , produce el síndrome de distonía-parkinsonismo tipo 1 , que puede ser tratado con levodopa.
SLC6A5 , produce la hiperekplexia tipo 3 , para la que es innecesario el tratamiento con antiepilépticos, los cuales deben evitarse.
SLC6A8 produce el síndrome de deficiencia de creatina cerebral tipo 1 , una enfermedad ligada al X que puede ser tratado con suplementos de creatina.
SLC16A1 produce déficit de MCT1 (déficit de transportador de monocarboxilato tipo 1) , que se presenta en forma de epilepsia y episodios de cetoacidosis grave con las infecciones, y no debe tratarse con dieta cetogénica.
SLC19A3 led to biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease, which can be treated with biotin and thiamine;
SLC52A3 , produce el síndrome de Brown-Vialetto-Van-Laere tipo 1 , que se puede tratar con riboflavina.
Otras transportopatías SLC con sintomatología neurológica, aún sin tratamiento curativo.
Otras transportopatías no SLC:
ATP7B, produce los síndromes relacionados con el déficit de transporte de cobre , entre los que se encuentran la enfermedad de Wilson y síndrome del cuerno occipital.
ATP1A3, produce los trastornos neurológicos relacionados con ATP1A3 , un conjunto de enfermedades con distinta semiología que incluye al menos 3 fenotipos, la hemiplegia alternante de la infancia, el síndrome de distonía-parkinsonismo de inicio rápido, y el síndrome CAPOS (ataxia cerebelosa, arreflexia, pies cavos, atrofia óptica y pérdida auditiva neurosensorial.
ABCD1, produce la adrenoleucodistrofia ligada al X , una enfermedad peroxisomal.
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Mir A, Almudhry M, Alghamdi F, Albaradie R, Ibrahim M, Aldurayhim F, et al. SLC gene mutations and pediatric neurological disorders: diverse clinical phenotypes in a Saudi Arabian population. Hum Genet [Internet]. 2022 Jan 1 [cited 2022 Nov 4];141(1):81–99. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-021-02404-x