The Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome is a specifically pediatric syndrome characterized by hemicerebral atrophy or hypoplasia secondary to a brain insult usually in the fetal period or early childhood, which is why it is accompanied by an associated cranial growth disorder, characterized by compensatory ipsilateral bone hypertrophy and hyperpneumatization of the paranasal and frontal sinuses, and the neurological consequences of the insult, in the form of contralateral hemiparesis and/or epileptic seizures.
It poses a differential diagnosis with other causes of hemispheric asymmetry, such as Rasmussen's encephalitis or hemimegalencephaly (there is no compensatory ipsilateral bone hypertrophy)
