头发颜色可以是某些疾病（色素沉着不足）的生物标志物，因此了解一些基于遗传的临床特征的地理分布非常重要。

全身色素沉着障碍。
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1.
Tey H. 儿童色素沉着不足疾病的实用分类。 Acta Derm Venerol [互联网]。 2010 年 [2023 年 3 月 1 日引用]；90(1):6–11。可从： https://medicaljournalssweden.se/actadv/article/view/7578
MC1R 突变。 北欧红发.
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1.
红头发的遗传原因、种族起源和历史 - Eupedia [互联网]。 2023 年 [引自 2023 年 3 月 1 日]。可从： https://www.eupedia.com/genetics/origins_of_red_hair.shtml

在眼皮肤白化病中，根据酶缺乏的强度和潜在的遗传问题，可能会有不同深浅的颜色，变成红色或棕色头发，因此表型谱非常广泛。

白化病的表型变异。
红褐色（红色）白化病。 OCA 3 型。
白化病。

有一组综合征产生与眼皮肤白化病相似的表型，并且是与其鉴别诊断的一部分。

获得性发色障碍。
恶性营养不良。
一次性为婴儿节省一次就诊时间
局灶性色素沉着不足的疾病。
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1.
Tey H. 儿童色素沉着不足疾病的实用分类。 Acta Derm Venerol [互联网]。 2010 年 [2023 年 3 月 1 日引用]；90(1):6–11。可从： https://medicaljournalssweden.se/actadv/article/view/7578